剪切生热与花岗岩部分熔融——关于喜马拉雅地区逆冲断层与地壳热结构的分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

朱元清  石耀霖 《地球物理学报》1990,(4)

本文对影响喜马拉雅逆冲断层地区热结构的三种主要热源(断层的摩擦剪切热,地壳的放射性热和上地幔的传导热)的效应进行了计算分析,在计算中考虑了岩石的流变性造成的剪应力和温度的非线性关系及岩石温度到达熔点时的熔解热.结果表明,尽管地壳的放射性热和上地幔的传导热也可能引起地壳中的部分熔融,但此时熔融将从地壳底部开始发生,这与喜马拉雅地区观测到的地质现象不符;在考虑了剪切断层带的剪切热后,熔融将从断层附近开始发生,因此得到了比较符合实际地质现象的结果.  相似文献   

新疆岩石2.0—2.5微米地面光谱数据的特点分析     

王建宇  郭一平 《遥感学报》1990,(2)

本文介绍使用2.0—2.5微米多通道辐射计,对新疆金矿区、油田及多金属矿区的岩矿所进行的地物光谱采集、整理和分析工作。在岩矿的地物光谱中—OH、CO_3~(-2)的作用相当明显,因此应用该方法对于寻找蚀变带十分有效。不同地区同类岩矿的地物光谱特征相同,受表面色调的干扰比可见—近红外波段要少,故有利于开展光谱工作和区分岩性。通过实验室工作论证,该方法对于Fe~( 3)和微量烃类渗漏也有相当强的探测潜力。文中最后以某矿区岩(矿)为例,介绍岩(矿)分类工作,通过空间变换,减少参量间的相关性和特征参量的维数,分类正确率可达95.3％。  相似文献   

The temperature dependent,infrared absorption cross-sections for the chlorofluorocarbons: CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-13, CFC-14, CFC-22, CFC-113, CFC-114, and CFC-115     

Anthony H. McDaniel  Chris A. Cantrell  James A. Davidson  Richard E. Shetter  Jack G. Calvert 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1991,12(3):211-227

The infrared absorption cross-sections for eight commonly used halogenated methanes and ethanes have been measured as a function of temperature from 203 to 293 K. High resolution spectra (0.03 cm^-1) have been used to derive integrated band strengths and peak cross-sections associated with the spectral features in the infrared region from 600 to 1500 cm^-2. The values obtained in this study are compared to those from previous reports, and recommendations are made for uses in atmospheric sensing and radiative energy transfer models. The observed temperature dependence in the spectral features is also discussed.  相似文献   

西成铅锌矿化集中区热水沉积成矿作用的岩矿证据   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

陈光 《甘肃地质》2002,11(1):32-43

热水沉积成矿与正常沉积矿床在矿质来源和成矿机制上有很大的差异 ,反映在岩矿石结构构造上也有明显的差异性。虽然都有特征的沉积韵律条带、纹层构造 ,但由于热水沉积成矿矿质浓度大而形成了稠密而富集的组构 ,二者可区分。通过对西成铅锌矿化集中区两类热水沉积矿床的岩矿石组构进行论证 ,认为他们不但以上述特征区别于正常沉积矿床 ,而且各自也有差异 ,厂坝式矿床在组构上保留了原始沉积富而大的特点 ,虽有矿物粒度在变质作用中重结晶加粗的富集过程 ,但没有完全破坏原始的热水沉积构造。毕家山式矿床也具有原始沉积特点 ,但在改造过程中有热液叠加交代充填的现象 ,而原始沉积特点则又可区别于热液矿床 ,硅质岩的结构构造就是明显的证据。  相似文献   

Thermal history of Canadian Williston basin from apatite fission-track thermochronology—implications for petroleum systems and geodynamic history     

K. G. Osadetz  B. P. Kohn  S. Feinstein  P. B. O'Sullivan   《Tectonophysics》2002,349(1-4)

Apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology has been applied to a composite depth profile of Precambrian basement rocks underlying the Phanerozoic Canadian Williston Basin. Thermal histories derived from the AFT data record cycles of heating and cooling which follow the pattern of regional burial history, but which also indicate major temporal and geographic variations in the timing and degree of maximum Phanerozoic temperatures. These variations in the thermal history were not previously recognised from organic maturity indicators and subsidence models. Specifically, our study suggests a late Paleozoic heat flow anomaly with a geographic extent closer to that of Middle Devonian–Carboniferous Kaskaskia subsidence patterns than to that of the Williston Basin proper. This thermal anomaly has both economic and geodynamic significance. The recognition that potential Upper Cambrian–Lower Ordovician petroleum source rocks became fully mature during the late Paleozoic distinguishes that petroleum system from others that entered the main hydrocarbon generation stage in latest Cretaceous and Paleogene time. The late Paleozoic heat flow anomaly suggested from the AFT data implies a geodynamic coupling between inelastic Kaskaskia subsidence and previously inferred late Paleozoic lithospheric weakening. While the temporally varying heat flow model is preferred, the lack of independent constraints on the maximum thickness of upper Paleozoic strata precludes the outright rejection of the previous constant heat flow model. The AFT data provide important new constraints on the evolution of the epicratonic Williston Basin and its geodynamic models.  相似文献   

凉爽条件下体感温度模型的建立及风速、水汽压、辐射的影响   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

于波  刘梅  严明良  姚克敏 《气象科学》2002,22(3):304-312

本文通过对人体热量平衡方程的建立和分析结合不同年龄人群的新陈代谢特点 ,求得凉爽条件下 (日平均气温 Ta<2 1℃ )体感温度的理论计算公式和统计模型。在此基础上 ,分析了风、水汽压、辐射对体感温度的影响  相似文献   

Heat transfer in quartz, orthoclase, and sanidine at elevated temperature     

M. Höfer  F. R. 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(9):571-584

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Geodynamic evolution of southern Costa Rica related to low-angle subduction of the Cocos Ridge: constraints from thermochronology     

K. Grfe  W. Frisch  I. M. Villa  M. Meschede 《Tectonophysics》2002,348(4):105

The Late Tertiary shallow subduction of the Cocos ridge under the Caribbean plate controlled the evolution of the Cordillera de Talamanca in southeast Costa Rica, which is a mountain range that consists mainly of granitoids formed in a volcanic arc setting. Fission track thermochronology using zircon and apatite, as well as ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar and Rb–Sr age data of amphibole and biotite in granitoid rocks constrain the thermal history of the Cordillera de Talamanca and the age of onset of subduction of the Cocos ridge. Shallow intrusion of granitoid melts resulted in fast and isobaric cooling. A weighted mean zircon fission track age (13 analyses) and Rb–Sr biotite ages of about 10 Ma suggest rapid cooling and give minimum ages for granitoid emplacement. In some cases ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar and Rb–Sr apparent ages of amphibole and biotite are younger than the zircon fission track ages, which can be attributed to partial resetting by hydrothermal alteration. Apatite fission track ages range from 4.8 to 1.7 Ma but show no correlation with the 3090-m elevation span over which they were sampled. The apatite ages seem to indicate rapid exhumation caused by tectonic and isostatic processes. The combination of the apatite fission track ages with subduction parameters of the Cocos plate such as subduction angle, plate convergence rate and distance of the Cordillera de Talamanca to the trench implies that the Cocos ridge entered the Middle America Trench between 5.5 and 3.5 Ma.  相似文献   

New Progress in the Application of Satellite Thermal Infrared Imagery to Earthquake Prediction     

Xu Haomin  Wang Yu  Tang Fangtou  Chen Meihua 《中国地震研究》2002,16(2):178-190

The concept of stochastic resonance(SR) has been introduced into the analysis of satellite thermal infrared images.Six kinds of anomalous phenomena related to crustal movement were recognized in satellite thermal infrared images.Six diagnostic indicators for the prediction of global earthquakes with magnitude≥6.0 and their quantitative evaluation standards have been established.The microscopic behavior of global crustal movement is successfully controlled by using satellite thermal infrared imagery,and the occurrence time and magnitude of over 80% of global strong earthquakes occureed since the foundation of the observation station have been successfully predicted.It is believed that the combination of satellite thermal infrared information with macroscopic anomalous phenomena will play an important role in earthquake hazerd reduction.  相似文献   

用卫星遥感热红外数据估算大面积蒸散量   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

陈鸣  潘之棣 《水科学进展》1994,5(2):126-133

从能量平衡方程出发,将试验场实测地表热红外温度及各项气象要素,用冠、气温度差方法,求得局部地区的蒸散量;进而与卫星热红外温度数据相配合,估算大面积作物的蒸散发和蒸散量分布。经验证,该方法的研究结果与实测值有较好的相似性.  相似文献